We used unsupervised immunophenotyping of blood leukocytes and measured cytokine production by innate immune cell exposed to LPS and R848. We show that COVID-19 induces a rapid, transient upregulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSCs) accompanied by a rapid, sustained (up to 3 months) hyporesponsiveness of dendritic cells and monocytes. Blood MDSCs may represent biomarkers and targets for intervention strategies in COVID-19 patients.
Keywords: COVID-19; Cytokines; Dendritic cells; Monocytes; Myeloid-derived suppressor cells.
© 2022 The Authors. European Journal of Immunology published by Wiley-VCH GmbH.